Patrol Operations Expert Witnesses

Arizona

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of force, officer involved shootings, crowd control, crowd management, public order, less-lethal weapons, SWAT, patrol operations, tactical operations, chemical agents, police policy, firearms, de-escalation, in-custody death, arrest procedures, defensive tactics, impact weapons, Active Shooter

Retired Captain Spencer Fomby is the section chair for the National Tactical Officers Association Public Order Section and coordinated the creation of the NTOA Public Order Response and Operation Standards, the NTOA Public Order Basic Command Certification Course, and the NTOA Public Order Grenadier Workshop. He is the former director of the Boise, Idaho, Police Department Training, Education, and Development Division. He was previously employed by the Berkeley Police Department in California for 20 years. He has held primary assignments in patrol, narcotics, and crime prevention. He was assigned to SWAT for 18 years as an entry team member, team leader, and tactical commander. Spencer was the lead Berkeley Police Department public order instructor. He was responsible for equipment selection, tactical training, less-lethal weapon selection, chemical agent selection and deployment, and mission planning. Spencer was the 2011 Berkeley Police Department Officer of the Year. He was the ...

Sacramento, California

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Police Practices & Procedures - Use of Force, Officer Involved Shootings, Tactical Operations, Crowd Control, Crowd Management, In-Custody Death, Excessive Use of Force, SWAT, Patrol Operations, Chemical Agents, Less Lethal, and Active Shooter

Travis Norton is a retired law enforcement professional with 25 years of service and a qualified expert in police practices and use of force. He served as a police lieutenant and SWAT commander and has extensive experience evaluating officer decision making under rapidly evolving and high risk conditions. His expert work focuses on assessing objective reasonableness based on officer perspective, operational context, and the information reasonably available at the time force was used, rather than hindsight driven or outcome determinative analysis. Travis previously served as the training division and professional standards unit lieutenant for a mid size California police agency, where he conducted use of force reviews, internal affairs investigations, and related administrative inquiries. He also managed firearms, less lethal, and defensive tactics training programs and oversaw the police academy and field training program, providing direct exposure to how officers are trained and e...

California

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of force, officer involved shootings, crowd control, crowd management, public order, less-lethal weapons, SWAT, patrol operations, tactical operations, chemical agents, police policy, firearms, de-escalation, in-custody death, arrest procedures, defensive tactics, impact weapons, Active Shooter

Retired Captain Spencer Fomby is the section chair for the National Tactical Officers Association Public Order Section and coordinated the creation of the NTOA Public Order Response and Operation Standards, the NTOA Public Order Basic Command Certification Course, and the NTOA Public Order Grenadier Workshop. He is the former director of the Boise, Idaho, Police Department Training, Education, and Development Division. He was previously employed by the Berkeley Police Department in California for 20 years. He has held primary assignments in patrol, narcotics, and crime prevention. He was assigned to SWAT for 18 years as an entry team member, team leader, and tactical commander. Spencer was the lead Berkeley Police Department public order instructor. He was responsible for equipment selection, tactical training, less-lethal weapon selection, chemical agent selection and deployment, and mission planning. Spencer was the 2011 Berkeley Police Department Officer of the Year. He was the ...

Illinois

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of force, officer involved shootings, crowd control, crowd management, public order, less-lethal weapons, SWAT, patrol operations, tactical operations, chemical agents, police policy, firearms, de-escalation, in-custody death, arrest procedures, defensive tactics, impact weapons, Active Shooter

Retired Captain Spencer Fomby is the section chair for the National Tactical Officers Association Public Order Section and coordinated the creation of the NTOA Public Order Response and Operation Standards, the NTOA Public Order Basic Command Certification Course, and the NTOA Public Order Grenadier Workshop. He is the former director of the Boise, Idaho, Police Department Training, Education, and Development Division. He was previously employed by the Berkeley Police Department in California for 20 years. He has held primary assignments in patrol, narcotics, and crime prevention. He was assigned to SWAT for 18 years as an entry team member, team leader, and tactical commander. Spencer was the lead Berkeley Police Department public order instructor. He was responsible for equipment selection, tactical training, less-lethal weapon selection, chemical agent selection and deployment, and mission planning. Spencer was the 2011 Berkeley Police Department Officer of the Year. He was the ...

Cheltenham, Maryland

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, School Safety - School Security, Clery Act Compliance, Campus Security Operations, Investigations, Emergency Management, Special Events Management, Policies and Procedures, Community Policing, Consortium Building, Patrol Operations, Local Law Enforcement Collaboration, Training & Education

Mr. James has served as a University Chief of Police, as well as an Executive Director for Campus Safety and Security at two (2) four-year higher education research institutions, and at a community college in the Washington DC and Baltimore metropolitan region. In those positions he served as the chief architect for the safety and security infrastructure for several different campuses and over 50,000 students. He also served as an adjunct professor in criminal justice at a community college. He serves as the founder of a campus security consulting firm that specializes in assisting university leaders comply with their federal responsibilities under the Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act (Clery Act), and the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act. Mr. James has served as the Training and Education Coordinator for the Historically Black Colleges and Universities - Law Enforcement Executives and Administrators (HBCU-LEEA) organization whic...

New York

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of force, officer involved shootings, crowd control, crowd management, public order, less-lethal weapons, SWAT, patrol operations, tactical operations, chemical agents, police policy, firearms, de-escalation, in-custody death, arrest procedures, defensive tactics, impact weapons, Active Shooter

Retired Captain Spencer Fomby is the section chair for the National Tactical Officers Association Public Order Section and coordinated the creation of the NTOA Public Order Response and Operation Standards, the NTOA Public Order Basic Command Certification Course, and the NTOA Public Order Grenadier Workshop. He is the former director of the Boise, Idaho, Police Department Training, Education, and Development Division. He was previously employed by the Berkeley Police Department in California for 20 years. He has held primary assignments in patrol, narcotics, and crime prevention. He was assigned to SWAT for 18 years as an entry team member, team leader, and tactical commander. Spencer was the lead Berkeley Police Department public order instructor. He was responsible for equipment selection, tactical training, less-lethal weapon selection, chemical agent selection and deployment, and mission planning. Spencer was the 2011 Berkeley Police Department Officer of the Year. He was the ...

Redmond, Oregon

Police Practices & Procedures, Video - Use-of-Force, Officer-Involved Shooting, Decision-making, Critical Sensemaking, Police Training, Patrol Operations, Police negotiations, Citizen-on-Citizen shootings, Self-Defense, Jail Operations, Intelligence, Internal Affairs, Police Mental Health Response, De-escalation, Incident Command, Defensive Tactics, Policy, Crowd Control

EXPERT IN USE OF FORCE & LETHAL FORCE INCIDENTS In cases involving force--lethal force, understanding decision-making is as critical as the facts themselves. Whether you are a defense attorney explaining your client’s actions or a prosecutor challenging them, you need an expert who integrates both events and decision-making processes. Dr. Black offers a unique approach, blending quantitative precision with qualitative insight into how individuals make sense of their world. RENOWNED EXPERT IN LETHAL FORCE DECISION-MAKING Dr. Black is a recognized expert with extensive experience in international, federal, and state courts on lethal force, police use of force, officer-involved shootings, and civilian self-defense. His expertise in high-stakes decision-making under pressure offers critical insights. Dr. Black blends forensic analysis with human-centered perspectives, ensuring a balanced view that benefits both defense and prosecution. ADVANCED FORENSIC VIDEO AND QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS ...

Nashville, Tennessee

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Police Practices & Procedures - Police Procedures, Use of Force, Officer Involved Shootings, Tactical Operations, Crowd Control, Crowd Management, SWAT, Patrol Operations, Investigations, Active Shooter, Training, De-Escalation, Incident Command

Marcus has over 25 years of law enforcement experience in a wide variety of assignments, including over a decade with the SWAT team, where he served as an operator, sniper, team leader, and commander. He also served as a supervisor on his mobile field force team. Marcus worked various assignments, including uniformed crime suppression, homicide, property crimes, narcotics, and an auto theft task force. Marcus served as a police officer in a city of 200,000 people in California's North Bay. He currently serves as Director of Training for the Ohio Tactical Officers Association. He formerly served as the Executive Director of the California Association of Tactical Officers and was an original plank holder of CATO's Strategic Leadership Program. Prior to that position, Marcus served as the Vice President. He currently serves as the Conference Director and member of the training cadre, where he developed the curriculum and taught Critical Incident Leadership for supervisors, SWAT Team...

Austin, Texas

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of force, officer involved shootings, crowd control, crowd management, public order, less-lethal weapons, SWAT, patrol operations, tactical operations, chemical agents, police policy, firearms, de-escalation, in-custody death, arrest procedures, defensive tactics, impact weapons, Active Shooter

Retired Captain Spencer Fomby is the section chair for the National Tactical Officers Association Public Order Section and coordinated the creation of the NTOA Public Order Response and Operation Standards, the NTOA Public Order Basic Command Certification Course, and the NTOA Public Order Grenadier Workshop. He is the former director of the Boise, Idaho, Police Department Training, Education, and Development Division. He was previously employed by the Berkeley Police Department in California for 20 years. He has held primary assignments in patrol, narcotics, and crime prevention. He was assigned to SWAT for 18 years as an entry team member, team leader, and tactical commander. Spencer was the lead Berkeley Police Department public order instructor. He was responsible for equipment selection, tactical training, less-lethal weapon selection, chemical agent selection and deployment, and mission planning. Spencer was the 2011 Berkeley Police Department Officer of the Year. He was the ...