23 Police Arrests Expert Witnesses Found

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of Force & Deadly Force, Law Enforcement & Civil Rights, Law Enforcement Policies & Procedures, Police Vehicle Emergency Response. Police Vehicle Pursuits, Police Use of Force and Arrest, Police Shootings, Police Internal Affairs, Police Misconduct, Case Evaluation, Expert Witness Testimony

Chief Dan Busken served as a municipal police officer for 35 years including 25 years as a chief of police. This service included responsibility for development of and compliance with progressive law enforcement policies and procedures. Chief Busken served on the Board of Directors for the Texas Police Chiefs Recognition Program. This program sets the standards for progressive and professional law enforcement practices throughout the State of Texas. While serving as a municipal police chief in three different States (Missouri, Alabama, Texas), Chief Busken directed research, development, and implementation of many police department policies including: Use of Force, De-Escalation and Alternatives, Taser, Pursuit, Emergency Vehicle Operation, Crime Prevention, Recruitment, Canine Operations, Narcotics Enforcement, Tactical, Emergency Response and Negotiations, Domestic and Family Violence, Jails, Housing of Prisoners, Arrest, Detention, Search and Seizure....

Accident Reconstruction, Police Practices & Procedures - Cars, SUV, light trucks, pedestrians, motorcycles, bicycles, scooters, Bosch CDR EDR Tool, black box, Tesla, Hyundai, Kia, qualified immunity, Code 3 driving, emergency vehicle operations, police pursuit driving, police practices & procedures, DUI FSTs, DUI arrests, TV and media consulting.

...Also teaches intro to criminal law, traffic enforcement, DUI investigations, field sobriety tests & arrests at a Southern California based police academy. Retired after 30 years of service from the Irvine (CA) Police Department in November of 2019 where he was assigned to the Field Operations Division as a Detective responsible for traffic-related cases. Worked as the “Team Leader” for the Irvine Police Department’s M.A.I.T. (Major Accident Investigation Team). Responsible for the investigation of vehicular murder & homicide cases, traffic collision reconstruction of fatal & major injury collisions, hit and run investigations, on-duty officer involved collision investigations and potential city liability collision investigations. Has provided forensic analysis and litigation support to multiple law enforcement agencies in Southern California including, but not limited to, Orange County, Los Angeles County, and Butte County DA’s Office....

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Domestic Violence, Child Abuse, Crowd Control, Use of Force/Excessive Force Inadequate/Negligent Security, Informants, Evidence Preservation, Chain of Custody, Sexual Assault, Drug Enforcement, Gangs, Surveillance, Vice, Prostitution, Gambling, Vehicle Pursuits, School Shootings, Workplace Violence

Vastly Experienced Police Expert, working for plaintiffs as well as the defense. Over 31 years as a Los Angeles Police Officer. Trained / Taught new officers, in the field, for 24 years in all facets of Police work. Including Use of Force and Use of Deadly Force. Personally involved in over 40 Uses of Force as well as being present at approximately 100 more. Certified Force Science Analyst, by Force Science Institute, which is a leader in law enforcement study. The Institute has conducted many research projects uncovering the scientific realities surrounding officer performance under stress, action/reaction time, memory, decision-making and more in complex, rapidly unfolding encounters. Worked celebrity security for the late Dean Martin for approximately two years, providing personal security as well as residential security. Expert in Vehicle Pursuits, having been involved in and receiving yearly training in pursuits. As well as training new officers in Vehicle Pursuit Tactics....

Police Practices & Procedures, Investigation - Police Misconduct, Use of Force, Interviewing, Interrogation, False Confessions, Police Ethics, Investigative Failure, Human Trafficking, False Arrest, Failure to Train/Supervise, Taser, ECWs, Evidence Handling, Police Oversight, Civil Rights Violations, Police Policy, SOPs, Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin

...Mohr, CFE, FSA, CFCS, CAMS, CCCI, MPA, PI, is a Police Practices expert with over 30 years of sworn and non-sworn investigative experience. Ms. Mohr has testified as an expert in numerous state and federal court proceedings, depositions, and administrative hearings federal and state courts, including New Mexico, Ohio, Illinois, Arizona, California, and Washington state. Ms. Mohr has testified on a variety of subjects, including police procedures, police misconduct, white collar crime and fraud examinations. Her expertise has been verified by the courts via a Daubert challenge, in which Ms. Mohr was found to be qualified as an expert in police practices generally, and well as the specific areas of interviewing, interrogation, false and recanted confessions, cognitive bias, investigations and investigative failures, vice, and human trafficking. She is available as a consulting or testifying expert anywhere in North America, as well as other locations worldwide. Ms....

Security, Premises Liability - Security Training, Security Deployment, Use of Force, Hospital Security, Security Policies and Procedures, Active Shooter

...Los Angeles Police Department 22 years Sergeant II - 17 years Patrol, Metro, Special Investigations, Internal Affairs Developed, and Officer in Charge of, Suspect Search Dogs - K-9 Unit Chief of Protective Services - Santa Clara County Valley Medical Center. (1998-2006) Completely re-designed and implemented a comprehensive security program, which includes all facets of Security Plan Development, Staff Development, Policies, Training, Recruitment, Personnel Management and daily security operations, associated with a large County Hospital. Proper Authorities LLC - Founder (1993-Present) Crime Prevention, Loss Prevention, Safety/Security Assessments, Workplace Violence Prevention, Personal Safety, Sexual Harassment, Threat Assessments and Managing Assaultive Behavior. Developed comprehensive Use of Force Policies and Programs. Developed and delivered Workplace Violence Programs....

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - use of force, police use of force, law enforcement use of force, self defense, arrest and control, police excessive force, excessive force, defensive tactics, martial arts, strangulation, choke hold, jiu jitsu, fight or flight, stress response, officer involved shooting, police shooting, OIS, taser

...He has a Doctor of Clinical Psychology–dissertation: Decisions Under Pressure: Psychological and Physiological Aspects of Police Use of Force. Dr. Rylant is a retired police officer/detective, S.W.A.T. member, and P.O.S.T. certified department firearms, baton, chemical agents, use of force, and arrest and control (ARCON) trainer. Dr. Rylant was an instructor at a California police academy for 15 years where he taught arrest and control (ARCON), use-of-force, and de-escalation, and he is also a Certified Force Science Analyst and Advanced Force Science Specialist. Dr. Rylant is a Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu black belt instructor for law enforcement and civilians, as well as author of Shots Fired: The Psychology Behind Officer Involved Shootings.

Police Practices & Procedures, Jails & Prisons - Pursuit Policy, Use-of-Force, Crime Foreseeability, Lethal Use-of-Force, Excessive Force, In-Custody Death, Firearms, Less-Than-Lethal, , Reasonable Suspicion, Probable Cause, Searches, Internal Affairs, Crime & Arrest, Jail Policy, Jail Custody, Jail Suicide, Bars/Night Clubs, Security

Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD): April 21,1980 to November 30, 2013 - Honorably retired at the rank of Sergeant. Peace Officer Standardized Training (P.O.S.T.) certified peace officer with Basic, Intermediate, Advanced and Supervisory certifications. Patrol and field functions for a total of 18 years. Responded to tens of thousands of emergency calls for service. Assigned as Delegate and Defense Representative on behalf police officers of the Los Angeles Police Protective League. Assigned as a detective trainee, Southeast Division, Major Assault Crimes (MAC). Filed cases with the Los Angeles County District Attorney and Los Angeles City Attorney. Prepared and presented criminal cases for preliminary hearing and trial. Testified approximately 150+ times at preliminary hearings and criminal trials and Municipal Court as an investigator and fact witness....

Video, Photography & Imaging - Forensic Video Analysis, Image Clarification, Security Video, Surveillance Video, Cell Phone Video, Photogrammetry, Reverse Projection, Video Production, Day in the Life Video, Drone Video & Drone Photography, Digital Media, 3D Representation & 3D Graphics

...Steve began aiding police, lawyers, and private security firms in 1996 - adding video expertise in armed robbery, hit and run, and homicide cases. In 2007 Steve worked CT's last Death Penalty case which started a long working relationship with the CT State Attorney's Office. Since 2007, Steve has worked on dozens homicide cases, processing video for both investigations and prosecutions. Through this work, he gained respect from both sides of the case, being hired by defense attorneys for some of their subsequent cases. Steve prides himself on finding hidden information that many overlook. This often stems from precise processing for image enhancements to gain the best quality, while maintaining the integrity and authenticity of the video & images. His work has led to arrests and convictions as well as aiding in the exoneration of wrongly accused. As founder of Pixel Analysis, he can focus attention of skills that matter....

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Police Practices & Procedures - Police, Policing, Civil Rights, Use of Force, Excessive Force, Constitutional Law, Police Misconduct, Search, Seizure, Arrest, False Arrest, Deadly Force, Wrongful Death, Law Enforcement, Policing Policy and Training

More than 30 years of legal and law enforcement experience combined (22 years practicing law and 8.5 years as a sworn police officer and 4 years as a law enforcement trainer/instructor) Supervisor Legal Education Unit-Baltimore Police Department-2021-Present Policing Practices Consultant 2023-Present Legal Education Instructor-Baltimore Police Department-2020-2021 Criminal Defense/Police Disciplinary Hearings Representing Officers/Police Misconduct Representing Officers/Civil Rights Attorney Representing Plaintiffs-2001-2019 Former Assistant State's Attorney-2001-2003-Prosecuted persons charged with misdemeanor and felony violations of State and local criminal statute. Baltimore Police Department 1993-2001-Former Police Officer, Sergeant, and Lieutenant in Baltimore Police Department and Associate Legal Counsel Member of the District of Columbia Bar-2004 Member of the Maryland Bar-2001 Adjunct Faculty, Criminal Justice Department 2000-2003

Investigation, Security - Death, Murder, Suicide, Homicide, Drowning, Accidental Death, Crime Scene Reconstruction, Ballistics, Negligent Security, False Arrest, False Confession, Overdose, Medicolegal Investigations, Blood Spatter, Video Analysis, Scene Staging, Human Smuggling, Scene Management, Case Management, Testimony

...Involved in over five hundred death investigations related to Homicide, Infanticide, Suicide, Murdered of Law Enforcement Officers, Self-Defense, Police Involved Shootings, Drowning, Family Murders/Suicide, Dismemberment of Human Remains, Skeletal Remains, Hit and Run Traffic Fatalities, Human Smuggling, Negligent Security, Accidental Drug Overdoses, Drug Trafficking, Consumer and Mechanical Product Failure, Industrial Workplace Misfortunes, and Fatalities involving Public Transportation with Aircrafts, Trains, and Vessels. Participated in hundreds of postmortem examinations and collaborated with Medico-legal Professionals such as Medical Examiners, Forensics Odontologists, Entomologist, Toxicologist, Biologist, Archaeologist, and Forensic Anthropologist in determining the cause and manner of death and the unearthing and Identification of skeletal and dismembered human remains....

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Police Practices & Procedures - Use of Force, Criminal Investigations, Police Misconduct, Internal Affairs, Employee Investigations, Civil Rights Violations, Excessive Force, Police Tactics, Officer Involved Shootings, Mass Shootings, School Security, Vehicle Pursuits, Police Policy, Arrests, Police Training.

A subject matter expert conducting external police use of force reviews as part of a court approved settlement agreement (CASA) between the Department of Justice and the Albuquerque Police Department. These reviews include police uses of force connected to officer involved shootings, tactical activations, less-lethal munitions, Conductive Energy Weapons, chemical munitions/agents, impact weapons and physical control. A law enforcement professional since 1989 with experience as an Assistant Chief of Police (Boynton Beach Police Department), a Colonel (Broward Sheriff's Office), and a Captain, Sergeant, Detective, Officer (Fort Lauderdale Police Department). Experienced in the areas of Investigations (Criminal, Strategic, Internal Affairs), Professional Standards (Public Corruption, Training, Policy/Accreditation, Human Resources). Former Law Enforcement Training Center Director for the Broward Sheriff's Office....

Police Practices & Procedures - Use of Force, Police Procedures, Officer Involved Shootings, Arrest Procedures, Security, Premises Liability, Negligent Security

...He received certification as a 21st Century Anti-Biased Policing Instructor through the Department of Justice. While with the USMS, Paul served as an Inspector with the Office of Professional Responsibility investigating employee misconduct. In this capacity, Paul was responsible for reviewing all use of force reports involving both USMS personnel and task force officers. Paul was the lead on numerous officer involved shooting cases as well. Paul is a certified Force Science Analyst having successfully completed the Force Science training and exam requirements. Paul also graduated from the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center's two-week Use of Force Instructor Training Program. Paul's career also involved aspects of security risk management including the preparation of security requirements for high threat events to include access control, security assessments, protective intelligence, and supervising security personnel....

Security, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Security, Premises Liability, Police Procedures, Active-Shooter Response, Use of Force, Officer Involved Shootings, SWAT, Tactical Operations, Firearms, In-Custody Death, Arrest Procedures, Inadequate & Negligent Security, Workplace Violence, Security Management, Security Guards

Charlie is the founding partner of Group Nine Risk Consulting, a firm specializing in security risk management, forensic consulting, and security training. He founded Group Nine Risk Consulting following a long and successful military and federal law enforcement career that spanned nearly 30 years. Charlie was employed by the U.S. Marshals Service (USMS) for 25 years, retiring as a Supervisory Deputy U.S. Marshal in January 2022. During his career with the USMS, he was responsible for numerous aspects of security risk management including exterior perimeters, access control, security assessments, managing security personnel, security awareness training, video surveillance, protective intelligence, and workplace violence prevention at several federal courthouses around the country. His work with the USMS often involved proactively identifying, investigating, and mitigating threats to the life and safety of hundreds of federal judicial personnel across numerous federal facilities and their...

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of Force, Police Shootings, Officer-Involved Shooting, Excessive Force, Wrongful Conviction, Risk Management, Police Complaint Investigation, Deadly Force, Internal Investigation, Police Policy Practices, Police Tactics, Arrest

Author and police use of force and police practice expert. President, Americans for Effective Law Enforcement (AELE). Formed in 1966, AELE is a research driven educational organization that produces and disseminates legal information through traditional seminars, via electronic media and direct contact. Experienced 42-year police professional in areas of use of force, internal affairs, officer-involved shootings, supervision, wrongful convictions, practice, policy, discipline, mental health, auditing, staffing analysis, organizational assessments, investigations, and training. 34-years as an active law enforcement officer and 10 of those years as chief of police of a 340 sworn/ non-sworn municipal police department. On-going experience for the past 7-years as a police practice consultant providing Federal Court-Appointed expertise in police Consent Decrees and a United States Department of Justice Civil Rights Division Police Consultant regarding police use of force....

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of Force, Police Policy Practices, Police Pursuits, Excessive Force, Police Vehicle Pursuits, Police Internal Investigation, Deadly Force, Police Internal Affairs, Police Complaint Investigation, Police Vehicle Emergency Response, Police Shooting, Police Tactics, Police Use of Force and Arrest

...He is a retired Lieutenant Colonel from the Illinois State Police. He continues to serve as a private consultant and expert witness regarding law enforcement policies and practices as well as conducting sensitive internal investigations as an independent investigator for municipalities regarding allegations of police misconduct. He also serves as an Assessor (Team Leader) for the Commission for the Accreditation of Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA) and has reviewed the operations of over thirty (30) law enforcement agencies nationwide seeking accreditation. He has also conducted Operational, Organization and/or Policy reviews for several agencies, most recently the Kane County Sheriff, the Armenian National Police (for the World Bank) and the Kankakee (IL) Police Department. Johnson began his career as a patrolman for the Metropolitan Police Department, Washington, DC....

Security, Police Practices & Procedures - police, law of arrest, use of force, police procedures, security officers, premises liability, bars/nightclubs, apartments, shopping centers, religious institiutions.

Jerry "Buz" Busnuk, has been involved with police and security work for more than 30 years. He retired at the rank of Captain from the Baltimore Police Department after more than 29 years of service. He is an expert in police work. Since his retirement he has worked for a local Business Improvement District as director of field operations, managing community safety and sanitation programs. He also has worked at the Maryland Institute College of Art, and the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions in supervisory security positions. He has become an independent security consultant and was previously certified as a CPP certified protection professional, the gold standard in security management. He has consulted with nonprofits, including a charter school, a church and the Muslim community, as well a medium manufacturing/distribution company, and a high rise for the elderly. He has seen security from a number of perspectives....

Police Practices & Procedures, Investigation - Police Misconduct, Use of Force, Interviewing, Interrogation, False Confessions, Police Ethics, Investigative Failure, Human Trafficking, False Arrest, Failure to Train/Supervise, Taser, ECWs, Evidence Handling, Police Oversight, Civil Rights Violations, Police Policy, SOPs, Cryptocurrency, Bitcoin

...Mohr, CFE, FSA, CFCS, CAMS, CCCI, MPA, PI, is a Police Practices expert with over 30 years of sworn and non-sworn investigative experience. Ms. Mohr has testified as an expert in numerous state and federal court proceedings, depositions, and administrative hearings federal and state courts, including New Mexico, Ohio, Illinois, Arizona, California, and Washington state. Ms. Mohr has testified on a variety of subjects, including police procedures, police misconduct, white collar crime and fraud examinations. Her expertise has been verified by the courts via a Daubert challenge, in which Ms. Mohr was found to be qualified as an expert in police practices generally, and well as the specific areas of interviewing, interrogation, false and recanted confessions, cognitive bias, investigations and investigative failures, vice, and human trafficking. She is available as a consulting or testifying expert anywhere in North America, as well as other locations worldwide. Ms....

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Police Practices & Procedures - Police, Policing, Civil Rights, Use of Force, Excessive Force, Constitutional Law, Police Misconduct, Search, Seizure, Arrest, False Arrest, Deadly Force, Wrongful Death, Law Enforcement, Policing Policy and Training

More than 30 years of legal and law enforcement experience combined (22 years practicing law and 8.5 years as a sworn police officer and 4 years as a law enforcement trainer/instructor) Supervisor Legal Education Unit-Baltimore Police Department-2021-Present Policing Practices Consultant 2023-Present Legal Education Instructor-Baltimore Police Department-2020-2021 Criminal Defense/Police Disciplinary Hearings Representing Officers/Police Misconduct Representing Officers/Civil Rights Attorney Representing Plaintiffs-2001-2019 Former Assistant State's Attorney-2001-2003-Prosecuted persons charged with misdemeanor and felony violations of State and local criminal statute. Baltimore Police Department 1993-2001-Former Police Officer, Sergeant, and Lieutenant in Baltimore Police Department and Associate Legal Counsel Member of the District of Columbia Bar-2004 Member of the Maryland Bar-2001 Adjunct Faculty, Criminal Justice Department 2000-2003

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Police Practices & Procedures - Police officer policy, Body/vehicle cameras, 911 Dispatch for officers, Restraint asphyxiation, Serving process, Patrol policy and procedures, SWAT tactics, Use of Force, Internal Policy and supervision issues, Corrections policy and procedures, Correctional Medicine. EMT, Nursing, Physician.

...Daniel went to corrections school in 1992 and police academy in 1996. Dr. Daniel served as a full time SWAT officer, Patrol deputy, bailiff and supervised 6 LPNs in jail medical. Jail medical was only one of two programs across the state that had National Accreditation in Correctional medicine. Dr. Daniel had the highest DUI arrests and process served while making arrests and answering calls in his zone. Even when Dr. Daniel was not full-time, he has served in multiple departments as a reserve officer. Dr. Daniel was elected full time Constable of his county district in 2018 and was reelected to that position in August of 2020. Dr. Daniel has twenty years of experience in Law Enforcement. Dr. Daniel is a wound care physician who has done Hyperbaric oxygen treatments (HBO) and is one of the few physicians that have treated patients in the tank while they were having a seizure. Dr. Daniel also works as a hospitalist and in the primary care setting. Dr....

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Use of force, officer involved shootings, crowd control, crowd management, public order, less-lethal weapons, SWAT, patrol operations, tactical operations, chemical agents, police policy, firearms, de-escalation, in-custody death, arrest procedures, defensive tactics, impact weapons, Active Shooter

...He is a retired Police Captain, SWAT Commander and Police trainer. He was most recently the training division Captain for a medium-sized police department; responsible for the police academy, field training program, leadership development and in-service training. He has been a police use of force instructor for 15 years in the following disciplines; Public Order, active shooter, patrol tactics, counter ambush, defensive tactics, impact weapons, less-lethal weapons, sting balls, flash bangs, chemical agents, firearms, SWAT, and de-escalation. Spencer is considered a subject matter expert in tactical operations. He has 18 years of SWAT and Public Order experience. He was the lead Public Order instructor for the Berkeley Police Department; responsible for equipment selection, tactical training, less-lethal weapon selection, chemical agent selection and deployment, and mission planning....

Security, Police Practices & Procedures - Inadequate Security, Negligent Security, Police Pursuits, Police Chases, Police Crashes, Excessive Force, Use of Force, Assaults, Sexual Assaults, Assaults at Hotels, Parking Garage Safety, Parking Lot Safety, Auto-Pedestrian crashes, Workplace Violence, Domestic Violence.

...Madison is UNIQUELY CROSS-CREDENTIALED & QUALIFIED IN THE FOLLOWING ARENAS: POLICE USE OF FORCE POLICE PURSUITS EMERGENCY VEHICLE RESPONSE PROTOCOLS SECURITY AUTO-PEDESTRIAN SAFETY ISSUES FIRE EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES (EMS) Former Assistant District Attorney of Travis County, Texas. Advanced Peace Officer Certification from TCOLE with law enforcement experience as a Police Chief, Investigator, Police Officer, Campus Police Officer, and Deputy Sheriff. Certified Police Instructor by Texas Commission on Law Enforcement (TCOLE) Approximately ten years Security experience, including Security Supervisor of Dobie Center - a premier 27 story college co-ed private dormitory housing 950 University of Texas students, with a two-level shopping mall, 6 story parking garage. Security Supervisor for apartment complexes and Security Consultant for Homeowners Association for Steiner Ranch UT Golf Club Community in Austin and Polo Club Estates in Dripping Springs, Texas....

Law Enf & Criminal Justice, Dogs - K9, K-9 tactics, Police dogs, FLSA, K9 Policy, Monell, industry standards, best practices, expert witness, case review, deposition, report writing, K9 as deadly force, K9 SWAT, K9 Use of force, K9 deployments, K-9 searches, K9 arrests, K-9 tactical tracking, Site inspection

Brad retired from West Covina Police Department in California after 30 years of service. He’s been a K9 trainer for 35+ years, K9 handler for 20 years, SWAT six years and K9 SWAT for 18 years. Brad is a graduate of POST Master Instructor Program where he designed the first POST approved K9 SWAT (SKIDDS) and CAnine Tactical School (CATS) in California. Since 1988 Brad has lectured, taught, and trained thousands of law enforcement officers throughout the United States, Canada, Brazil, Costa Rica, Australia and China. In 1997 Brad started Canine Tactical Operations where he provides K9 expert opinions and reports across the country for civil and criminal litigation in state and federal courts regarding K9 tactical searches, police practices, industry standards, training and use of force....

Police Practices & Procedures, Law Enf & Criminal Justice - Police Uses of Force, Police Training, Police Practices, Civilian Self-Defense, Biomechanics, Investigations, Memory, Martial Arts, Criminal Gangs, Behavioral Profiling, Crime Analysis, Specialized Interviews, Tactical Operations, Aquatic Crime Scenes and Investigations

...Bruce is a member of the International Law Enforcement Educators and Trainers Association (ILEETA), Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, International Association of Forensic Criminologists, Association of Force Investigators, Society for Integrity in Force Investigation and Reporting, and National Tactical Officers Association (NTOA), and is a certified instructor in firearms, collapsible batons, aerosols, arrest control, and various law enforcement and civilian defensive tactics and martial arts systems. In addition to a Master of Public Administration degree, Bruce previously earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Marine Biology and graduated from the National Police Corps Leadership Development School. Bruce earned a professional diploma in Crime Analysis and Behavioral Profiling and was an adjunct criminal justice instructor at Provo College and has been a national law enforcement-topic panelist in conferences held in Washington D.C. and Atlanta, Georgia....